Chronic renal failure (CRF) is the outcome of many long-term somatic diseases: chronic glomerulonephritis, chronic pyelonephritis, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, interstitial nephritis, systemic connective tissue diseases, gout [1, 2]. According to the European Renal Association (ERA-EDTA) Registry [3], 300 people with end-stage renal disease (ESRD) per 1 million people need program hemodialysis (PG). The annual increase in the number of patients in need of PH treatment is 150–200 per 1 million inhabitants, and taking into account those already receiving this treatment, from 460 to 900 per 1 million inhabitants [4].
Currently, the correction of end-stage renal disease is carried out through program hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis and kidney transplantation. In this case, PG is mainly used. Thus, according to ERA-EDTA data, in 2001 about 80% of patients received hemodialysis, peritoneal dialysis — 15–18%, and only 1–2% of patients underwent kidney transplantation as the primary method of ESRD correction [3, 5].
Improving the quality of treatment and reducing the overall mortality of patients with ESRD is possible by solving a number of problems, the main of which is the improvement of methods for the early diagnosis of complications that occur during program hemodialysis and their timely correction [1, 6]. It is known that often with program hemodialysis secondary carnitine insufficiency develops, accompanied by impaired cardiac activity, renal anemia, hypertriglyceridemia, muscle cramps and hypotension, and decreased exercise tolerance [7].
Prepared by Tatyana Chistik